Owning a car when one turns 16 Essay

There are many advantages and disadvantages to owning a vehicle. A life style change can occur or an empty wallet or purse I can almost expect someone will have when they first start driving a vehicle of their own. This impact in ones life can not only change their life style and their money situation but also there grades, sports, social life, and most of all their physical health. These advantages and disadvantages can be for the better but most of all the worst. In my opinion, owning a vehicle at a young age develops a good source of financial planning, responsibility, and awareness of what can happen to them if they become an uncontrolled driver. Next, with the purchase of a car there can be a life style change and also a huge financial decrease. If one owns a car, especially a teenager, they become cocky and act like a hot shot because they have a vehicle. With this problem a teen may start to develop a new driving style. They will drive with only one arm and will constantly change the CD player to different compact discs and radio station. With having them do this they will increase the chances of not paying attention to the rode and will cause an accident. So, a driver needs to keep their eyes on the rode to not only protect to their own life but the lives of others. Then, the new driver has already developed the bad habits of driving and this will lead them into a having bad grades, missing practices for sports, and lose a social life. The bad grades can come from driving too much, but if one drives, they will need a job. A job is where a loss in a social life comes together. If they are working to drive, they will not have enough time to spend with their friends. Now that they are trying to find time out of work to drive, hang out with friends, and play sports. Sports are after school each day. I don’t expect a driver to play sports all week and only work two days and still have enough money to pay for their vehicle. Finally, the most difficult sacrifice to give up is their physical health being tampered with. By working all the time and constantly trying to join sports and hang out with friends this will affect their health. Where is their time to sleep? One will be doing it all but; they do need time to sleep. All of these advantages and disadvantages will change their entire  life style. I believe owning a vehicle will do that but in some cases a change is a good thing so there is always something to look out for. Change can be good but the time will keep ticking away. So, do what makes one happy and make it how you want it.

Framing Decisions Essay

Millhouse on his situation came up with his conclusion upon relying on the structure contained by how the selling was presented to him. No matter how, it is possible that Millhouse had been into a great deal of confusion when he was deciding. It was present in his mind that the company is in need of that supplementary part and is in search of materials that are of good quality. And that this seller has been instinctively conscious of the probable framing Millhouse could have in mind. At the same time, this seller has this skill to do sales talk and persuading a customer was indeed an easy thing on his part. He was capable to handle the situation. A good offer from the salesman was initiated and the selling price was specified: less than 40 cents a day just like the price of a soda. It was presented positively that at the end, the company would be satisfied by a high service utility by just spending likely of only a soda a day. The soda became the entity of assessment and it helped Millhouse comprehend the gains more gamely than the losses. He was also glad that he was not alone to see the benefits of purchasing these goods. He ended up deciding with this framework to buy them because he was swept away by the promises of the benefits presented by the salesman. In looking on the alternative sense, what if Millhouse thought of looking out for better material possible? What if he conducted first price comparison of same material? What if he made calculations in the aggregate expenditure upon purchasing them and rather compares it with the benefits it can give and or with some? The alternative frame could have come up with other results depending on how an individual reacts on a certain presentation of a problem. Factors affecting the alternative framework greatly molds our way of decision making. Also, group decisions may be at variance thoroughly from a one person decision in provisions of endings and/or procedures. So, it states clearly that one can strongly influence the other and by that, moral considerations are being deserted for one’s own good. References Framing. February 05, 2008 retrieved from http://framing. behaviouralfinance. net/

Assignment on Hr Promotion & Transfer Essay

Flippo †A promotion involve a change from one job to another that is better in term of and responsibility† Chruden and Sherman†A promotion involves a change of assignment from a job of a lower level to one of level with in the organization† Dale Yoder†Promotion is defined as a movement to a position in which in which responsibility and prestige are increased† Pigors and myers â€Å"Promotion is the advantage of an employee to a better job better in term of gather responsibilities more prestige and status gather skill and specially increased of pay or salary†. Employer to support employee higher position, sales, duties, response everything increased is as well as employees enjoy self-determination, (a)progress (b)preferment (c)promotion (d) position Promotions are used to fill the positions which are more important to fill rather than the present position of employee. It can be filled by external recruitment but employees having eligibility and experience must be appointed for their motivation. Also it will decrease labour turn over as external recruitment costs more. Also increase in salary and status will increase job satisfaction. When scale of pay is increased without changing job it is called  up-gradation  and promotion involves changes in job as well as high salary. When higher position is given without change in salary it is known as  Dry Promotion. All these,  Promotion Up-Gradation and Dry Promotion  are used by management to increase morale of employee and as giving reward also. Promotion means the employee present position to superior position . more obviously promotion is the association to the higher position where more responsibility and more power exits with more occurrence. In the higher position, sales, duties, response everything increased is as well as employees enjoy self-determination. The advancement of an employee within a  company  position  or  job  tasks. A job promotion may be the  result  of an  employee’s  proactive  pursuit of a higher ranking or as a  reward  by  employers  for good  performance. Typically is also  associated  with a higher  rate  of  pay  or  financial  bonus. In terms of a career, a promotion refers to the advancement of an employee’s rank or position in a hierarchical structure. A

Harlem Renaissance Poets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Harlem Renaissance Poets - Essay Example His experienced as Cuban refugee and a Cuban-American has influenced many people their daily lives. In addition, his work has been included in many anthologies, which include Paper Dance: 55 Latino poets (2002). It is not easy to imagine the composition of the Inferno, Canto I as having its beginning in such a mood of passionate exaltation and devotion to the memory of a dead person. And with the contrast with Virgil’s, it is clear that the final year of Dante life as the busy but contested one undisturbed by civil disputes. This could be a misleading picture, of course, and in any case it is not relevant to the fact that Dante left unfinished at his death plays on vitally the same poetic, emotional, and intellectual registers as its Italian precursor s. double consciousness is also expressed in Virgil Suà ¡rez poem. The double consciousness is more revealed in the closing section of Part II â€Å"by the mother-in-law tongue within a fiery circle of kerosene and watching as they stung themselves†. This contradicts some the whole nature and themes in which the poem is written about. To begin with, Dantes Hell is an indication of a threatening vestibule that is a home to the souls, which are undecided on whether to do good or evil. It is, thus, clear that the angels who did not take any side during the fight between Lucifer and Michael in the bible reside here. The entrance of Hell marks the beginning of darkness and unidentifiable shades, which do not bear any color in their symbolization of lifelessness (Molefi, 2004). These lifeless shades are what Dante uses in comparison to â€Å"‘dead leaves fluttering to the ground in autumn’, weightless and lifeless, as when falling leaves ‘detach themselves’ from the tree of life. All the souls descend ‘one-by-one’, like leaves falling ‘first one and then the other’† (Dante 112-117). In this instance, we find that the simile employed by

Budget analysis of RDBS Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Budget analysis of RDBS Corporation - Essay Example The essay discusses that a budget is a manuscript that translates plans into money. It is a financial plan where the estimation of expenditure and revenue is done. The budget is an estimate, forecast about what you will need in fiscal terms to do your work. The budget is the most important tool in the business. It is almost impossible to run a business without having the budget. Budgeting is the process of preparing the budget, where the operational plans are the plans for real work. At the time of budget preparation, trade-offs and prioritization with program are ought to be made to make sure that the budget fits government policies and priorities. The cost effective variants which should be the best option for the organization must be selected. At last, the means of rising operational efficiency, which is effective, must be sought. None of these can be fulfilled unless financial constraints are built into the course from the starting. Budgeting is very responsible and difficult job . So, all the companies always depend on the experts in the field for preparing the budget. Incremental budgeting is a budgeting method where the budget is organized using a preceding period’s budget or else actual performance as a foundation with incremental amounts added for the new budget period. In the incremental budgeting, the actual performance of the company in the last months is taken into consideration and appropriate changes will be made for better result in upcoming months. This budgeting method encourages the spending of money up to the budget. Benefits that can be Realized from a Budgetary Control System: Maximization of Profit: The budgetary control system has an aim at the maximization of profits of the project. To attain this objective, a suitable plan and co-ordination of various functions are to be conducted. There is appropriate control over a diverse capital and revenue expenditures. The available resources are put into the best uses. Co-Ordination: Bette r co-ordination always results better profits. The functioning of the various units and sectors is correctly co-ordinate as a result of budgetary control system. The co-ordination of different executives and subordinates is essential for attaining the targets as specified in budgets. Tool for Measuring Performance: By giving the specific aims to various departments, budgetary control acts as a tool for measuring performance of companies. The fixed targets are compared to actual achievements and deviations are taken into consideration. Economy: The setting up of expenses will be methodical and there will be optimum economy in spending. The money will be put to use on the best. The ultimate benefits will go to the nation and it will be a national profit. The national assets will be used cost-effectively and wastage will be reduced. Consciousness: The budgetary control system helps in creating budget consciousness among the employees. By setting up targets for the workers, the system t ries to make the employees responsible towards their jobs. Every person knows what he is anticipated to do and he can do his work without any interruption. Reduces Costs: Now days, the business is so competitive and the role of budgetary control is significant. All the businessmen try to diminish the cost of manufacturing and rising sales. They will try to have those perfect mixtures of products where profitability is at the maximum. â€Å"The budget process consists of activities that encompass the development, implementation, and evaluation of a plan for the provision of services and capital

Human Resource Management Outsourcing Adoption Among Chinese SMEs Dissertation

Human Resource Management Outsourcing Adoption Among Chinese SMEs - Dissertation Example All four objectives have been achieved. The study finds that the drivers of HRMO adoption at the Chinese SMEs include lack of expertise, cost savings (although they lack the in-depth knowledge of cost calculations), political factors such as labour laws, and lack of internal capability. Basing their decisions on the transaction cost theory, the SMEs recognize that outsourcing offers advantages such as economies of scale and access to expertise. This has enhanced the adoption of HRMO among the Chinese SMEs. However, despite some amount of adoption, the SMEs in this study demonstrate their incapability and inefficiency in managing HR outsourcing and in HRMO adoption. They acknowledge that they lack the resources and capabilities which also reflect in the vendor selection process. Those that have not outsourced express lack of confidence on the vendors’ quality or their firm size does not justify the costs of outsourcing. The SMEs are unable to anticipate their needs as well as t he contingencies. The SMEs are reluctant to outsource because of lack of trust on the vendors’ abilities, firm-specific knowledge (which gives rise to lack of trust), fear of opportunism, and lack of negotiating skills. The SMEs do not have the expertise to evaluate the contractors; they do not appear to have the expertise to evaluate the risk-bearing costs, essential to managing contracts of outsourcing. The study suggests that the cultural influence has been the biggest barrier to HRMO adoption among the Chinese SMEs but along with it political and economic factors are equally responsible. With the western influence, SMEs in China do recognize that they need to change their strategy but appear to be unsure of their decisions. Or they may be reluctant to accept responsibility for their decisions. In light of the above, recommendation for an HRMO strategy for the SMEs in China has been made. The model suggests initial identification of needs, assessing and comparing of intern al and external capabilities are ore-requisites. Recruitment and selection being the key concern of the SMEs, these should be outsourced to POEs or head hunters who have the necessary skills. Another key criterion that SMEs have to focus on is on evaluating the agent prior to signing the contract. Support of government should be taken to identify the right agent. Before signing the contract cost evaluation is vital which includes costs not just related to the actual work but unforeseen costs such as monitoring costs, termination costs, control costs. The agent should function as an extension of the organization and work in cohesion with the principal. The relationship should be build with a long-term focus which also helps control costs. The study concludes by highlighting the limitations and recommending areas for further study. Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Rationale for the Study 2 1.3 Research objectives 2 1.4 Organization of the Study 3 Chapter Two: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2. Definitions and Background Overview 2.2.1. Definition of SME 4 2.2.2. SMEs’ in China 5 2.2.3 HRM Functions (Human Resources Management) 6 2.2.4 Outsourcing 6 2.3 HRM Outsourcing 7 2.3.1 Rationale for HRM outsourcing 8 2.4 Economic Theories underpinning Outsourcing 2.4.1 Transaction Cost Economies 9 2.4.2 Principal-agent Theory 11 2.4.3 Porter’s Value Chain Framework 12 2.5 SMEs and HRM outsourcing 13 2.6 Advantage

Does the media distort childrens perceptions of reality or validate Research Paper

Does the media distort childrens perceptions of reality or validate them - Research Paper Example Some adverts have been successful in meeting this objective while others do not please the audience well enough to influence their decisions. However, a group of audience that may not be targeted by these adverts, but is actively involved in viewing them is underage children. Most online and TV digital advertisements are aired at convenient times when the children are watching, leading to serious implications in influencing innocent minds of the children. Therefore, the growing digital media advertising in TV and online commercials is responsible for distorting childrens minds due to the glamour and perceived reality of the virtual content portrayed in these commercials. Â   Paige (1) explains that currently, the violent and aggressive scenes, in addition to scenes portraying disrespect towards others have been the order of the day particularly in TV adverts. Introducing children to violent materials influences their perception regarding application of aggressiveness and violence; the kid perceives this as the best way to achieve a certain end as observed in these adverts. This is because; children cannot decode the messages to conceive the actual meaning being contemplated, but will take the portrayal of aggressiveness as the norm to achieve a certain need. For example, the Ford VW advert resulted in increased criticism from parents as the advert was aired too early and portrayed the chief engineer of Volkswagen embroiled in a combat with a few replicas of himself. The portrayed car parts being used as weapons passed a violent message to children; the advert was not supposed to be aired at normal times when children were watching TVs. As Haugan (23) ex plains, exposure of violent content to children leads to violent behaviors making such adverts to have bad influence on children. Super bowl snapshots when used in advertisements have been criticized for portraying the message of aggressiveness and violence to

Positive Effects of Physical Activity and Sports on Child Development Research Paper

Positive Effects of Physical Activity and Sports on Child Development - Research Paper Example But how much activity is enough and what is the minimal level of activity that is needed to remain healthy, active and fit? Many guidelines have been proposed during the years, and the most commonly minimal stated amount of time that children should spend outdoors is 30 minutes (Janssen and LeBlanc, 2010, pp1). Guidelines recommend that the levels of physical activity should be increased gradually to almost 90 minutes per day (Janssen and LeBlanc, 2010, pp1). These guidelines and others have been formulated keeping in mind the minimal requirements of physical activity needed for the proper development of children. The level of activity differs from age to age; therefore even in children the time for their optimal physical development may differ. Following these guidelines may prevent some of the problems of sedentary lifestyle that are already emerging in children. In the United States approximately 45% of the boys and 32% of the girls participate in youth activities and sports in 20 01 (Cooper, 2010, pp 8). Although these rates seem healthy, they are not, for the rest of the children may not be taking part in sports at all, or may be doing so at a very minimal level. While one can see the positive benefits of physical activity on the children who do undergo it, there is need to identify what effects do not having any physical activity lead to (Cooper, 2010, pp 1). An important point to remember is that all individuals, regardless of their age and gender, need to undergo daily physical activity and exercise to lead healthy lives and prevent themselves from different ailments. Another consideration is why there is a difference between the levels of activities carried out by boys and girls. There is need to remove the sociocultural perceptions that boys play rough sports while girls stay at home and play with dolls. Physical activity is as important for girls as for boys (Cooper, 2010, pp 4). Studies show that children of both genders may have different motivation to carry out physical activity, and may perceive its results differently (Cooper, 2010, pp 4). However, a sad development in this matter is that physical activity has been substantially reduced or either almost eliminated in many schools across United States. This may aggravate the already worsening situation of sedentary lifestyles among children. The reasons stated for this cut are high costs and more emphasis on academic performances. This may be one of the most convincing reasons why the current generations of children are displaying adult related illnesses at very young ages. Obesity is increasing among children, which is taking a form of an epidemic now. The percentages of schools providing physical education have dropped to 3.8% for elementary schools, 7.9% for middle schools and 2.1% for high schools respectively (Active Education, 2007, pp 2). This means that these children are unlikely to be carrying out any physical activity outside of school premises either, since schoo ls provide the most fertile location to carry out sports. The impact on the children physically and mentally is evidenced through many epidemiological studies. But there is also no significant improvement in the academic scores of children when they are not undertaking physical activity (Active Education, 2007, pp 3). Combined survey results from the United States, United Kingdom, Hong Kong and Australia showed that academic performa

CIS assigntment #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CIS assigntment #2 - Essay Example There are different types of Malware present in the market and they are used by their attackers to perform different activities. Some of the malware present in the wolrd of computers to day include: Viruses – These can be said to be one of the oldest malwares that have been present in the world of computers (Brodkin, 2013). Viruses are programs that have been designed to replicate themselves so as to spread from computer to computer causing havoc wherever they infect. They affect the computers they infect in a number of ways including changing the behavior of the computer, erasing data and stealing information that may be stored on the computer. Viruses embed themselves onto other program files in the computer and are activated when the user attempts to open the infected file (Brodkin, 2013). They can be spread through a downloaded file that contains the virus which is transferred from one computer to another. Trojans – These malware is named after the Greek mythology of the Trojan horse due to their innocent appearance to the user so as to avoid suspicion of the actual danger that they yield (Brodkin, 2013).Once they are activated however, they are able to achieve a number of attackers on the Personal Computer such as causing continuous irritations such as unrelated pop up windows to more harmful acts such as the deletion of programs and the creation of backdoors into the computers files. The fact that Trojans present themselves as harmless programs make them harder to detect and a user may be more vulnerable to this form of malware. Remote Access Trojans (RATs) are those that can create a backdoor system that allow the hacker access to one’s computer and is even able to send commands via root access capabilities (Brodkin, 2013). Backdoors – These are programs that are designed to allow the creator undetected access to a computer system once they have been installed. Backdoors can be used by hackers to steal information from a server

Current Events- how they affect the stability in area of Egypt Assignment

Current Events- how they affect the stability in area of Egypt - Assignment Example The revolution took place on 25 of January and it was non-violent campaign civil resistance, which was characterized by demonstrations, civil disobedience acts, street marches and labor strikes. Millions of people from different religious and socio economic backgrounds protested publicly because they wanted to throw the regime of Hosni Mubarak. Mubarak is the president of Egypt who has ruled for a long time since 1981 up to the year 2011. The protest in the Egypt was meant to throw the regime of Mubarak because he has made Egypt poor, and stole the fortune of Egypt. The British Journals reveals that Mubarak and his family escaped with around 70 billion dollars to the United States, France, Dubai, Switzerland and United Kingdom (Podeh and Winckler, 2004). They also sold gasoline at 25 percent of market price to Israel, which is considered the enemy nation for Egyptians. This made many Arab nations to hate Egypt and made the country a police nation where internal inelegance could arrest, kill or abuse anyone. Eypt has adequate resources, big military and smart labor force as swell as high population of more than 90 millions of people; thus a threat to Israel, which has been their enemy for a long period. Al though the two nations signed for the peace agreement, it was seen as the advantage taken over Mubarak because he does not care about human rights and democracy right of Egyptians. Therefore, the civil revolution made against the regime of Mubarak whereby people utilized social media services and networking sites aimed to build a new revolution in Egypt. The political turmoil in Egypt has paralyzed government’s efforts in addressing the problems affecting citizens; thus contributing to an economic deterioration. Egypt is one of the nations with rapid population growth rate and the limited arable lands have significantly restrained the nation ‘resources. However, the increased political crisis that led to protest and labor strikes affected the

The Bells by Allen Poe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Bells by Allen Poe - Essay Example The clanging and clamor of the brazen bells showed how the tales of terror have engulfed the world (Poe 23). The groaning and moaning of the iron bells shows how the melancholy menace of the tone has given rise to the world of solemn. In all the stanzas in the poem, the auditory and visual imagery, as well as sound and musical devices, got well incorporated. In the first section, the silver bells get considered as happy bells. The bells give cheerful and vivid sound, and visualization of the night. The rhythm of the silver bells gives rhyming sound and feelings to the poem. This stanza ends with a calm note, which makes a person listen to the cheerful tinkling and jingling of the silver bells. The theme of happiness gets well elaborated in this stanza. Fun and excitement gets well distinction by the bells. The poem also tells us that happiness could not be made by the feelings of joy alone, but it must be combined with peace and harmony (Poe 14). The second section of the poem introd uces another bell, which goes by the name golden bell. The sound of the bells still gives a happy feeling, but without hype in it. Golden bells are usually gold in color, which symbolizes beauty, calmness, and harmony. Here, the symbol faithfulness and love gets well illustrated by the turtle dove. The bells give out harmonious and pleasant sound, which flow voluminously. The theme of happiness gets well recognition in this section as the stanza ends with a cheerful mood (Poe 20). In the third section, the poem takes a turn from cheerful mood to fearful mood. Here, the bells beg for mercy, but the fire gets crazy and out of control. Repetition gets widely used in this stanza. The raging fire symbolizes the scary, crazy, and dark side of life. The bells give out a loud, repeated noise and wild uproar full of terror (Poe 18). The theme of fear gets detailed in this section. The sound of bells brings out the feeling of fear and panic. In this section, the emotions of joy and terror get well intertwined. The nightmare of fear and insanity gets well elaborated in the theme. Iron bells get introduced in the fourth section. Iron is not the most precious metal when compared to brass, gold, and silver. Hence, it symbolizes the degrading curve of happiness. Here, the bells drain terror and fills the air with solemn thought using a single melody. The bells get personified by ringing sound out of their throats. The sound of bells makes everything seem lifeless, passionless and empty (Poe 15). Rolling sound of the bells on the human heart brings out a miserable and unpleasant picture. This section ends with a sad note. The theme of death gets well explained in this stanza. Death is the most vital theme in this poem as it ends in chaos and fears. Symbols got used in the entire poem. Each bell got made from different types of metals. The value of each bell got depreciated as well the mood of the poem changed from happy to sad. Silver is a shiny and precious metal, which gets associated with joyful mood. In the second section, golden bells got used. Gold gets associated with permanence, love and wealth. Hence, the golden bells symbolize happiness, calmness and harmony. The brazen bells created scary atmosphere in the third stanza of the poem. Brass is a tough, hard and less precious metal, when compared to both the silver and gold. Brazen bells symbolize noise, fear and danger. The night also had much influence in the shifts of the moods. The

The Journey of Olaudah Equiano Essay Example for Free

The Journey of Olaudah Equiano Essay He wrote his narrative in order to teach his readers about the horrors and atrocities that took place every day to people just like him in the hopes that he could advance the movement against the slave trade. In order to do this, Equiano focused not only on the physical journey he took, but the spiritual journey as well. His expedition, from Africa to enslavement to freedom, closely corresponds to his spiritual journey, from ignorance to conversion to religious completion. This allowed his readers to understand his struggles in a way that was more familiar to them, which tied a closer bond between the reader and the author. Since his readers could relate to the two separate but intertwined journeys, Equiano could now enlighten his readers on the revulsion of the slave trade just as he was enlightened through Christianity. Colonial North America was a brand new world, where the opportunities for wealth were plentiful, ever-present, and over-powering and the slave trade was a direct result of man’s greedy drive for wealth. It took over one hundred years for slavery to be abolished, but Equiano’s journey, both physical and spiritual, presented to the world the true dreadfulness behind the slave trade, a paramount mistake on mankind. Equiano opens his narrative with a description of his native African culture, including the customs of clothing, family, food, war, and religious practices. Equiano describes Africans as â€Å"rude and uncultivated† (43) and that all are â€Å"ignorant of their language, religion, manners and customs. (44) His time in Africa ties into his religious ignorance as he suggests that Africans could be the indirect relatives of Christian Europeans. Although this could be considered accurate from today’s standpoints, in the colonial era, this would be taken as an ignorant, blasphemous statement. The African customs and traditions were foreign to most of the world during this time and Equiano presents his former customs, particularly his pagan religious practice s, as not necessarily a result of sin, but rather a result of ignorance. Although Equiano acknowledges the coarse rituals of the African continent, he also notes the unfairness of this situation. â€Å"Are any pains taken to teach them these? Are they treated as men? †¦ Did nature make them inferior to their sons? † (45) While Equiano concedes the savageness of the African people, he still argues that slavery is as an affront to humanity, â€Å"Does not slavery itself depress the mind, and extinguish all its fire† (45) Here, slavery is simply shown as an imbalanced product of European greed and the opportunity of wealth the New World provided. Next, Equiano describes his grim voyage through the Middle Passage and his eventual enslavement on a merchant ship for a British captain. After the ship’s arrival in England, Equiano is exposed to Christianity for the first time, â€Å"a great man in the heavens, called God: but here again I was to all intents and purposes at a loss to understand him. † (67) As Equiano becomes more assimilated to European culture, he develops a deeper understanding of Christianity and is eventually educated and baptized. Equiano’s entire enslavement is closely connected to his religious developments; as more time progresses as a slave he becomes a more erudite follower of Christianity. His religious conversion reaches its precipice when Captain Pascal betrays him and turns him over to be enslaved in the West Indies. â€Å"with contrition of heart, acknowledged my transgression to God, and poured out my soul before him with unfeigned repentance. † (95) In that instant, Equiano gave his life to God and became as Christian as any of his readers. Consequently, it is at this moment his life begins to turn around as he is sold to a kindly Quaker merchant who gives him the opportunity to make his own money in order to purchase his freedom. Equiano’s enslavement is filled with hardships and poor treatment, but is emphasized by his religious transformation. He shows his readers that even as an educated Christian, his life as a slave is meager and dangerous and he questions how Christians could treat others so grotesquely, â€Å"How he, as a Christian, could answer for the horrid act before God? (104) Once again, Equiano shows there are no boundaries that man, when blinded by greed, will not cross. After some time, Equiano acquires enough money to purchase his freedom and completes his long excursion to becoming free. Just as his physical journey becomes complete, his spiritual journey reaches an endpoint. Equiano now bases his life around God and â€Å"Now the Bible was my only companion and comfort. † (191) When hi s ship picks up some men stranded at sea, Equiano takes the most impactful step in Christianity as he starts to spread the word of God. and took great delight in him, and used much supplication to God for his conversion. † (203) Equiano links his freedom from slavery to his religious completion in order to help his readers fully grasp his journeys completion. Both are immense accomplishments, but the reader can more adeptly understand the end to a spiritual journey rather than the journey from a slave to freedman. Although Equiano is no longer a slave, he hopes his story enlightens readers of the terrors of the slave trade, just as Christianity had enlightened him to leading a life for God. Olaudah Equiano’s slave narrative was one of the first published works of a firsthand account of the American slave trade. Equiano introduced the world to how slaves, such as himself, were treated on a daily basis. However, what makes his narrative so effective is the way he connects his physical and spiritual journeys together. Anyone who was to read his narrative would have a hard time relating to his physical struggles beyond his descriptions, so he effectively connects them with his spiritual voyage and struggles. This allows the reader to connect to Equiano in a more relatable way and helps strengthen his case against the slave trade. Today, we can use his narrative to find out about what colonial North America was like during this time. The New World was, simply enough, a vast farmland with an unlimited crop yield and in order to harvest these crops, sufficient labor was needed. The quest for wealth helped formulate the slave trade, but man’s greed turned it into a business. Colonial North America was a time full of growth and opportunities, all tried to take advantage as much as possible. Equiano was one of the luckier slaves and his life fits into the popular American success story of patience, hard-work, and endurance as important qualities. Equiano was enlightened through Christianity and he hoped the story he shared would enlighten the world about affront to humanity that slavery was. Over two hundred years later, we are still reading his narrative.

Community services over imprisonment for minor non violent crimes

Community services over imprisonment for minor non violent crimes As the Prison system is overburdened, judges are giving Community Service Sentences instead of imprisonment for Minor Non-Violent Crimes. Will this be good for the society in the long run? Offences that are defined as Minor Non-Violent Offences are those that are against the law but are not usually viewed as serious enough to be taken to the court if done once or twice (Notton, 2010). An example of non violent offence is burglary or motor vehicle theft. Community Service is an alternative of imprisonment imposed by the Court for minor non violent crimes. Community service is an unpaid work for the criminal so that he can repay the debt to the society for committing the offense (An tSeirbhis Phromhaidh The Probation Service, n.d.). Community service can also be a job for which any particular individual can volunteer for. An example of a community service is cleaning up the environment. Giving community service sentences instead of imprisonment for minor non-violent crimes would be good for the society in the long run because the criminal will get a second chance in life, it will reduce the burden on the prison system and society will benefit from community service. Howe ver individuals may take advantage of the system by taking too long to complete their community service work, although people might try to take advantage, if the work is done slowly then the criminals will be severely punished. Everybody makes mistakes, while others dont bother to make it right, some people want a second chance at life which means that people who have done wrong, will get another chance to right themselves and to be an active member to the society. Giving them something to do will also help them see the positives of life and become better citizens to the society as a whole. It will also give them a chance to right their wrongs. This can give them an improved life and can help them carry on with it. People that commit petty crimes such as stealing or drug dealing should not be locked up for good because they deserve a second chance at life again. Thats why community service is offered. Various programs are available such as SLAP, for Sheriffs Labor Assistance Program which help out local sheriffs in small towns all over (Worth, 1998). In Savannah, GA, Randall Moutrie was caught dealing drugs and was convicted to jail. He was given the option of doing community service which he did, and he sa id It made me get better and stronger in my life (Ruberti, 2010). This shows that community service does help someone figuring out what there is to life and how they can relive it. Another example is Berlynn Cottom who was a drug and alcohol addict. Being convicted, she was given the chance to right her wrongs and attend mental and physical rehab. In the process, she would have to complete hours of community service. After the intensive program she said that it had given her a new perspective on life and that she got more respect in the community. It also helped her realize that there is more to life than just doing drugs (Ruberti, 2010). Community service can be offered to non violent crime offenders because some dont have the money to pay for the fines. Rather than being imprisoned for small crimes, they can become active members of society by helping out the community. This can motivate them to becoming better citizens and also to have a brighter future. Other offenders could als o be motivated to show an interest to daily life. With having community service, they can find something that they want to do or keep up for the rest of their lives. It can keep them busy and also to become better role models to other offenders. With having completed the community service program, offenders can look forward to a better lifestyle by reducing the number of repeat offenders who return to jail after being unable to adapt to life outside of jail, said Moses Wright (n.d.). Jail time not only affects the criminals individually but also affects their families. As strange as it may sound, many of these criminals, when imprisoned have their children following their footsteps. This would help turn their lives around and look forward to an improved life with dignity and respect. The prison system is overburdened with the number of inmates they take in, most of which are charged and sentenced to jail for non- violent crimes. Keeping these inmates leads to an increase in the cost of the governments, as they have to provide them with place, food and sometimes required medical attention. As mentioned in the BBC news magazine With the prison population rising, along with the cost of keeping people locked up, ministers have indicated they want to see fewer people serving short jail terms (McFarlane, 2010). Sentencing to community service not only provides an individual with work to do but also gives them an opportunity to pay back the community. According to an article in the Harvard Crimson, the government costs for maintaining a prisoner is about $20,000 each year, the money tax payers give to the government provides these inmates with all the facilities and shelter. Prisons are congested; cells that are designed to hold one prisoner now hold more than one (Jose ph, 1986). Californias prison crises in August 2009 broke out a 11 hour riot, but causes where unknown, Barry Krisberg president of the National Council on Crime and Delinquency in California mentioned that overcrowding is the primary issue with hundreds of men moved into triple bunks which were used for gyms and cafeteria (Stateman, 2009). As stated by Florida Department of Corrections the daily cost of locking up an inmate is spent on protecting them and ensuring medical services, the residual is spent on garments, educating and feeding them (2009). Prison spaces are limited, they should be kept for criminals that are violent and a danger to society, with the population skyrocketing in these prisons the government cannot afford to build more cells particularly, due to the economic situation. Furthermore individuals convicted to non-violent offenses such as forgery, DUI, and robbery need not be sentenced to long jail times , there are alternatives; community service, house arrests and fines. The conditions in these cells are appalling, because of which most inmates suffer from ill health. Moreover there is a chance that individuals (inmates) will be affected psychologically and emotionally in an adverse manner. Professor Craig Haney of the University of California, Santa Cruz explains that When prison environments become unduly painful, they also become harmful, and prisoners carry the effects or consequences of that harm back into the free world once they have been released. Thus, bad prisons are not only unpleasant or uncomfortable; they can be destructive as well (n.d). In order to reduce the crammed situation, judges should decrease the number of non-violent prison inmates and parolees they sentence to jail. Prisons dont always reform prisoners. If anything, inmates become better criminals in prison, learning the tricks of the trade from the pros (Joseph, 1986). Society which is deteriorating with years and years passing by can benefit tremendously by the community services from these criminals. Community service will not only make them realise there mistake, but will also give them a chance to make it right by giving it back to society. This way government does not have to look for paid labour to do these community services when they can get it for free. Many non-profit organisations are always in the need of volunteers for their campaigns and community work. Government could use their services in renovating building, keeping society clean and construction work. For example During 2008, criminals performed 48,484 hours of free labour at various nonprofit organizations and on county road litter pick-up details, according to statistics compiled by the district attorneys office. The figure represents a 16.6 percent increase over the hours compiled in 2007(Hessler, 2009). During 2008, prisoners, dressed in orange jumpsuits, spent a total of 4,354 hours picking up litter along state, county and township roads. On Route 422, inmates worked 558 hours, while they worked 240 hours along Route 100. Inmates put in 87 hours on Route 363, about 60 hours on Route 29, 487 hours on Route 476 and 135 hours on Route 113, according to county records (Hessler, 2009). Governments waste millions of dollars and precious lifetime of these criminals by sending them to prison when they could be helping the society in many ways. Due to current recession it will also benefit the countrys economical status by decreasing the sentence of such criminals. Furthermore natural disasters like flood and earthquake leave devastating trails, help from these criminals could be taken in cleaning up and rebuilding the affected areas. Earthquake in Canterbury and flood in Cumbria are examples of such community services (TVNZ, 2010). These non-violent criminals when are exposed to the prison life become even more violent. In the long run it will benefit the society by reducing the number of violent crimes. Moreover community service for prisoner is no doubt a positive approach as it would help improve the living standard of society. As many of these crimes are minor so imprisonment would alienate them from society. However many individuals who have been given community service order might take too long to complete the number of hours of work, showing up late or not show up at all to their session. This means that they are trying to take advantage of the system. For example, in Scotland criminals have taken over 2 years to complete 250 hours of community service work (STV Group plc, 2010). If the criminals are caught violating the rules of the system they could be charged with high fines and severe consequences such as house arrest or they will be imprisoned. Giving community service sentences instead of imprisonment for minor non-violent crimes would be good for the society in the long run because the criminal will get a chance to undo their wrong and let them do something productive, it will reduce overcrowded prisons and will help the society improve without extra expenses. However the individual might violate the rules by taking too long to finish his quota of hours for community service work, if the criminal is found to be guilty of violating the rules he will be sent to the prison again or will be fined. Furthermore individuals convicted to minor non-violent offenses should not be imprisoned, there are alternatives such as community service or fines which are better than imprisonment and benefit the society more, this is why the governments should take the initiative to start giving out community service for minor non violent crimes rather than imprisoning the criminals.

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Functions

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Functions The immune system is complex, containing thousands of components. On the whole this highly adaptive system works well, protecting the individual primarily against the threat of disease caused by infectious organisms (Wood, 2006). However, the immune system can deteriorate and fail should any component of this refined system be mutated or compromised. In this report, an overview of the immune system will be covered, along with an explanation of how the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) functions specifically. An example of how the immune system can be compromised should the MHC molecule be short or absent will also be discussed with reference to a condition known as Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome. How the MHC molecule contributes to a healthy immune system will be discussed, along with the effect an MHC deficiency has and how this compromises the immune system at a molecular level. Reference will be made to a case study related to the Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome and a conclusion will be made as to how this condition links to the MHC molecule specifically. An Overview of the Immune System The immune system can be split into two systems of immunity, innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the first line of defence against pathogens in the body, preventing most infections occurring by eliminating the pathogen within hours of being encountered. This is achieved by firstly possessing external barriers to infections such as skin, mucosa, gut flora and lysozymes in tears. Secondly, the immune system mounts an immediate attack against any infectious sources entering the host via pre-existing defence mechanisms within the body. Phagocytosis is the major element contributing to innate immunity. This is the ingestion and destruction of microbes by phagocytes in a process by which the phagocyte attaches to the microbe in question, engulfs the microbe, kills the microbe and then degrades the microbe using proteolytic enzymes (Wood, 2006). This process is aided by complement proteins and opsonisation. Another part of the innate immune response is for inflammation to occur . This enables cells and soluble factors from the bloodstream to be enlisted at a particular tissue site in order to assist in the fight against infection. These can be local or systemic and cause vasodilation to occur at the site of infection; cause the endothelium to have increased expression of adhesion molecules in the cells lining the blood vessels; cause increased vascular permeability and cause chemotactic factors to be produced, therefore attracting cells into the tissue from the bloodstream (Wood, 2006). Overall, innate immunity is the first step in combating infection in the body; however a more specific system is often required. Acquired immunity occurs when a pathogen enters the body which the innate immune system cannot destroy, whether it is the pathogen has evolved a way of being avoided by the cells in the innate immune system or whether it be the pathogen expresses molecules similar to host cells as in the case of viruses. In such cases as these, acquired immunity is needed, where lymphocytes are used to identify, engulf and kill the pathogen in question. This is a more evolutionary advanced system compared to innate immunity. Two types of lymphocyte cells are employed in the acquired immune response; these are B lymphocyte cells, which are responsible for creating antibodies; and T lymphocyte cells, which are more complex in their receptor and require cell-to-cell contact. There are two types of T lymphocyte cells; those expressing CD4 molecules on their surface are referred to as Helper T cells or CD4 T cells, and those expressing CD8 molecules of their surface are referred to as cytotoxic T cells or CD8 T cells. The latter of these two T cells is important in the killing of virally infected cells (Kindt et. al., 2007). T cells recognise antigens by T cell Receptors (TcR) expressed on their surface; each T cell expresses only one TcR specifically. T cells do not recognise free antigens but recognise antigens associated with molecules on the surface of cells called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules (Wood, 2006). MHC molecules specifically for the human species are known as Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA); these are located on chromosome 6 (Kindt et, al., 2007). The MHC constitutes important genetic components of the mammalian immune system. There are two types of MHC molecules, Class I and Class II MHC. Class I MHC molecules are glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface of most nucleated cells, whereas Class II MHC molecules are also glycoproteins but are restricted in their expression, primarily being found on cells of the immune system such as B cells, macropha ges, dendritic cells and monocytes (Wood, 2006). Class I and II MHC molecules bind to antigens derived from pathogens and present them to T lymphocytes (Sommer, 2005). CD8 T cells recognise antigens presented by Class I MHC molecules whereas CD4 T cells recognise antigens presented by Class II MHC molecules. MHC molecules play an important role in immune defence against intracellular pathogens, peptides derived from viral proteins and cancer infected cells. (Sommer, 2005). Antigen Presentation of MHC Class I An event involving generation of peptides from proteins in the cell and displaying these peptides on the plasma membrane is called antigen processing and presentation (Benjamini et al., 1996). MHC Class I molecules consists of HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C. HLA are cell surface heterodimers consisting of a polymorphic ÃŽ ± chain associated with a non-polymorphic ÃŽ ²2 microglobulin protein (Chaplin, 2010). In the antigen presentation pathway of MHC Class I, the viral protein is degraded into peptides through proteasome-mediated proteolysis which is then transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (fig 1). This transport process is facilitated by a transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). Once in the ER, the translocated peptide binds to MHC Class I ÃŽ ± chains and ÃŽ ²2 microglobulin through momentary interaction of MHC Class I heterodimers and TAP (Chaplin, 2010). This momentary interaction is carried out with the help of Tapasin (fig 2). This binding of peptide and MHC Cl ass I results in structural changes; eventually leading to the dissociation of peptide-MHC Class I complex (Chaplin, 2010). This peptide-MHC Class I complex then migrates to the cell surface where it is recognised by CD8 T cells triggering the associated immune response. (Raghavan,1999). When the immune system is working correctly, pathogens entering the body will be destroyed rapidly. However, if a component of the immune system is compromised, devastating effects can be seen. An example of this was seen in the case study of Tatiana and Alexander Islayev; two siblings originally from Russia who were suffering from symptoms linked to Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome. Tatiana had severe bronchiectasis and a persistent cough which produced yellow-green sputum. She had been chronically ill since the age of 4 when she had begun to have repeated infections of the sinuses, middle ear and lungs, all due to a variety of respiratory viruses. Both Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria could be cultured from her sputum. She had been prescribed frequent antibiotic treatments to control her fevers and cough with no success. Her brother, Alexander was also showing the same symptoms. When their blood was examined, both children had elevated IgG levels with over 90% of their T cells being CD4 and only 10% being CD8. Both children expressed very small amounts of MHC Class I molecules in their cells but expressed MHC Class II molecules normally. When the childrens DNA was analysed, it was found that they both had a mutation in the TAP-2 gene. Type I Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome (BLS) Type I also known as MHC Class I deficiency, is characterized by a severe down-regulation of MHC class I and/or class II molecules (Gadola et. al., 2000). Type 1 BLS is due to a defect confined to MHC class I molecules, while type 2 BLS shows down-regulation of MHC class II molecules. Like any other cell surface protein MHC class I molecules are synthesised in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), modified in the Golgi apparatus and are transported in transport vesicles to the cell surface (Wood, 2006). MHC class I molecules bind to different sets of peptides. Translocation of peptides derived from degradation of cytosolic proteins from the cytoplasm into the RER is negotiated by transporter molecules known as transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) molecules. TAP is a heterodimer consisting of two subunits, TAP-1 and TAP-2, which are encoded in the class II region of the MHC locus on chromosome 6. Deletion or mutation of either or both TA P-1 and TAP-2 proteins severely impairs the translocation of peptides into the RER, the result of which is reduced surface expression of MHC class I molecules (Gadola et. al., 2000). BLS is manifested as a combined immunodeficiency presenting early in life. BLS manifests during the first 6 years of life where affected individuals are susceptible to recurrent opportunistic bacterial infections especially of the upper respiratory tract. In BLS, the underlying cause of Class I deficiency is due to a nonsense mutation in the TAP (Clement et. al., 1988). As discussed earlier, TAP is involved in the critical step of transporting peptides to the inner lumen of ER. In BLS, the deficiencies of active TAP results in the impairment of the transport of peptide to ER. This inefficient transport means that few or no MHC Class I molecules can be complexed with peptides. The un-complexed MHC Class I molecules are highly unstable and are therefore degraded quickly. This ultimately results in low levels of peptide-MHC Class I complex being expressed on the plasma membrane. In this way, deficiency in active TAP leads to low antigen presentation via MHC Class I molecules resulting in inefficient activation of CD8 T lymphocytes and consequently a compromised immune response. The basis of bare lymphocyte syndrome can be concluded from protein coded genes that are transformed and are not able to control the expression of the MHC I genes. Till today a beneficial treatment of TAP deficiency is not yet available; gene therapy isnt possible as almost all of the HLA class I molecule express on nucleated cells. If there is damage to the bronchial and pulmonary tissue lung transplantation can be performed. Contact with tobacco and smoke should be avoided and also vaccinations should be performed against respiratory pathogens. Other than Bare lymphocyte syndrome, MHC class I allotype is also linked to various sero-negative spondarthropathies, such as Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Reiters Syndrome and Behcets syndrome.

Why is the Holocaust Still Relevant Today in Wiesels Night Essay

The Holocaust is over and has been for about sixty years, so why are we still talking about it? Why is it still relevant in our world today? The world should have learned from its mistakes, but the sad part is that we did not. No, Hitler is no longer killing millions of innocent men, women, and children, but we are still just still just as cruel only in different ways. Night is Elie Wiesel’s factual account of his experiences in the holocaust. He brings us to a world in which not many people want to go. He tells us the true story of what really happened in Nazi concentration camps. Elie Wiesel, a holocaust survivor chooses to tell his story and begins to teach an entire generation the dangers of ignorance and hatred. Just by telling his story, just by writing it down, Wiesel is helping to educate people about what atrocities happened in the concentration camps. It tells us about how he was stripped down of his human rights. â€Å"A7713?’ ‘That’s me’† (51 Wiesel). Wiesel talks about how he was degraded as a human being. He is not even considered a person anymore. He is dehumanized and reduced to little more than a number. An example of the harshness is the selections, where he saw people who slept beside him the night before, get sentenced to death. He makes it clear that just because you passed an examination, doesn’t mean you’re safe. You might have been lucky this time but there will be a next time and they can just as easily give you death. He is basically saying that if you want to survive, then you had to prove yourself strong and healthy, but basically it was all on luck. This teaches us how cruel the Nazis were to the people in the concentration camps. Every selection would be dreadful and you had no way of knowing wheth... ...spoke about the concentration camps while they were going on, then that could have made the difference. All you really need is one person to start and others will follow. There was a reason why Wiesel made it out of the camps, and millions of others did not. He made a difference. He educated so many people of the pains of the Holocaust. Since we now know about it, we should not be ignorant and pretend that there is no other problems in our world, because there is. Now that we know this and we know what has happened in the past, we should do everything we can to prevent this from happening in the future. We determine the future, we can either ignore the problems of others including in other countries and the same thing might happen to us, or we can choose to do something about it and try to eliminate hatred and make sure that no one will have to experience it again.

It’s Time to Ban the Use of Landmines :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

It’s Time to Ban the Use of Landmines      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   El Salvador, 6 April 1992--Three siblings died near the Guazapa volcano last weekend when they stepped on a mine planted during the period of civil warfare. Ironically, their parents had returned to the area only a few days earlier. The children were four, six and eight years old. Parts from the three children's bodies were found as far as 30 metres from the explosion site. (qtd. in Grant 25)    Antipersonnel landmines kill thousands of people every year. Antipersonnel landmines do not recognize a cease-fire; they continue killing or maiming for many years after the conflict is over. Antipersonnel landmines do not discriminate between soldiers or civilians. On the contrary, more and more they are being used in an indiscriminate way, terrorizing civilians and transforming agricultural fields into killing fields. In addition, de-mining is a very slow and very expensive process, and after a war most countries are not prepared to cope with the constant health care demands imposed by the number of injured by landmines. Finally, landmines make it very difficult for refugees to go back to their cities and villages. As response to the landmine problem, the international community has come up with a treaty to ban landmines. On March 1, 1999, the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty came into effect; so far 134 countries have signed the treaty. Unfortunately, the U. S. is not one of them.    The Encarta Encyclopedia defines a landmine as "an encased explosive device that is concealed below the surface of the ground." It can be made of "metal, plastic, glass, or wood" (n. p.). Probably the concept of landmines is almost as old as the existence of organized armies. Philip C. Winslow, in his book Sowing the Dragon's Teeth, describes how Roman soldiers, before the beginning of the first millennium, used a plant with spikes as a landmine in order "to delay pursuers" (126). The Chinese, according to Delbruck, used "ground mines" made out of explosives in the year 1232 (qtd. in Winslow 126). Six hundred years later, in 1840, the use of landmines was introduced in the United States; they were used "in large quantities" during the Civil War (Winslow 126, 127).

Analytical Medea

As a mother, Made suffer d an ultimatum; she could leave her children behind and subject them to abuse fro m the enemies of her past, or she could relieve them of future agony by murdering t hem. Parents have a natural instinct to give children their best chance. Made chose e to murder her children in order to liberate them from pain. In Greece, men preferred this patriarchal ideal Of a silent and obedient wife, w ho stayed within the confines of the home.Great scholars such as Aristotle believe deed that â€Å"the male rules and the female is ruled†; his ideas spurred the general social p reactive in Greece. There was also a famous, old saying in Greece, where a man thanked God that he was not uncivilized, a slave or a woman. In Athens, men preferred their woo men to stay home because colonization with other men lead to the possibility infidelity y and this would affect the paternity of the child. According to Athenian law, if paternity could not be determined, then the child could not be a citizen.In this sense, Corinth WA s identical to Athens. If these harsh restrictions are placed on a Grecian woman, imagine the restrictions on a foreign woman, who would most likely be even more confine d and isolated. 2 Euripides depicts Made as noble, strong and classification, much stronger than her male counterparts. Made mourns Season's betrayal but at the end Of her soliloquy, she is proud to be a woman because men underestimate her, which h allows her to deceive them. Made is also very clever; she exploits her enemy's weak news.Manipulation, cleverness and independence are typical masculine qualities the at Made possessed. Through the interactive oral, was able to better understand that Media's revenge was catcalled by restrictions such as status, stereotypes and the misinterpretation of women in the ancient Greece. They combined to make a woman's life difficult at that time in history. Word count: 387 3 â€Å"Fifth elements in a person as well as in a socie ty or a state are balanced an d strong, one finds harmony and health, beauty and grace,† says Aching Cocker.This is contrary to the play, by Euripides, where the audience follows the protagonist, Made, as she challenges her role in a contemporary, patriarchal Greek society. Media's masculine characteristics outweigh her feminine traits, this I imbalance in her personality is caused by the lesser status she gains as a foreign women In an ancient Greek society. In relation to ordinary women and her male counterpane arts, Jason and King Croon, Made does not follow the path of all the other women in Co ring. This personality imbalance affects King Croon and Jason, who stray from the stand masculine characteristics.The author challenges these stereotypes, but in disc playing the consequences of defying one's stereotype, he reinforces them. The journal article â€Å"Diary of a Greek Housewife,† explores a regular day in a Grecian woman's life. When opening a discussion, the h usband â€Å"tells [his wife] she should not bother about the affairs of men† (Diary) and she â€Å"pretends to agree † because â€Å"she is too hungry to argue† (Diary). The â€Å"filibustered[news]† (Euripides 807) and â€Å"statehood† housewife stands for the feminine stereotypes that Made call e ones.While the housewife devotes her day to rearranging hair and freshening perfume Made dedicates her last day in Corinth to seek vengeance against the Corinth Han royals and Jason. By challenging her stereotype, Made takes the first step to wards her masculine self and tips the scales creating a personality imbalance which is the e result of a societal imbalance. Furthermore, in the poem, ‘Women† by Simonizes of A Argos, 4 the author interprets women according to different beasts, to explain a womb Nan's nature. Within the stereotype that women inferiority, there are superstores to expo lain different kinds of women.Simonizes uses each bea st to explain a type of woo man. When applying this logic to Made, her cleverness pertains to the fox that Se monodies describes because she exploits the Corinthian King's weakness, his daughter, I n order to take her revenge. In this sense, Made is the opposite of a weasel, she uses alluring quality to manipulate those around her. In addition, Media's masculine e side is seen battling her feminine side when she tries to convince herself to commit I infanticide. She says to herself, Oh, arm yourself in steel, my heart!Do not hang back do not think of them, How sweet they are, and how you are their mother. Just for This one short day be forgetful of your children, Afterward weep; (Euripides 12421248) This illustrates a shift where the personality imbalance is prominent. Media's need for vengeance outweighs her motherly instincts indicating that her masculinity ova retakes her femininity; at the cost of her children, who are the symbol of her mother odd and femininity. These two sides of Media's personality are like the sea who is twofer aced in Simonizes' poem.Made is schemes against her husband and the royal family y, this makes her a mix of ape and bee according to Simonizes because she was be like while aboard the Argon, when she aided Jason on many occasions. Still, she be comes more similar to an ape due to the horrors that Jason experiences while being the object 5 of Media's rage. Euripides' work disagrees with Simonizes' work because E riptides' Made is a combination of some qualities that Simonizes describes rather the n just one. By comparing regular women to Made, one can see that by challenging her stereotype, Made sacrifices her children for vengeance.Euripides also uses Jason to highlight Media's masculine character. Made takes control of her predicament. In comparison to men, women are not expel acted to retaliate against anyone. This is more often left to the men instead of women. Although Made cannot be a man, she discerns her ability to take r evenge like a man w loud in her position. Made defies the feminine stereotypes Of feebleness and passive TTY by taking control of her life. Similarly, to engage in combat is deemed a man's task k while the woman is expected to stay within the seclusion of the home.Made defied s this basic Greek norm when she says that she â€Å"would very much rather stand/ Three times in the front of battle than bear one child† (Euripides 250251 Moreover, manipulation n is the key to Media's revenge; she uses a blend of masculine and feminine qualities to exploit Jason. She cleverly, appeals to his arrogance in order to distract him while she takes her revenge. In their previous argument, Jason claims that his second wedding g Sis 48) and ‘Waives† (Euripides 549) move that he made in the in tersest of Made and their children.He also says that, â€Å"it would have been better far for men/ TO have got their children in some Other way, and women/ Not to have existed. ]† (Euri pides 573575). Made appeals to Season's reasoning and pretends to agree e with him. She says, â€Å"Why am I set against those who have planned wisely? ‘(Euripides sees 874). She admits to having a â€Å"great lack of sense† and that her â€Å"anger was foolish†. 6 most effective lie, â€Å"we women are what we are-?perhaps a little/ Worthless† (Euripides 89890) compromises Season's opinion because she gives the impression that J assn was right and she was not.This works to her advantage since Jason believes t hat the balance between husband and wife has been restored and he Jason suspects nothing of her plot to ruin him. In Media's soliloquy, she plans Season's ultimate suffers Eng because she will not submit to the rules of a patriarchal Greek society. Let no one think me a weak one, filibustered, A statehood, but rather just the opposite, One who can hurt my enemies and help my friends; For the lives Of such persons are most remembered. Euripides 80781 0) Men are the ones who generally strive to be remembered, which is why they t aka part in battle.By displaying such a trait in a woman, Euripides emphasizes the import once of following one's stereotype because of the consequences Made faces. Made is not the only character who defies the Greek norm; King Croon and Jason abandon their masculine qualities as well. In the plays beginning, King Croon approaches Made with an unshakeable resolve to send her into exile. Origin ally, he displays his masculinity by refusing to listen to any of Media's protests. This q laity ritually plummets when he tells Made he is â€Å"afraid that [Made] may injury e [his] daughter' (Euripides 283).Made appeals to the Kings love for his daughter a ND claims that she needs a day to find â€Å"support for [her] children† (Euripides 342) and as KS the king to â€Å"pity' them. Even though Croon â€Å"prefer[s] to earn [her] hatred now/ Than to be softhearted and afterward regret it' (Euripides 29 0291 ), he allows Made to re main in 7 Corinth for a day since he believes that she â€Å"can do none of the things [he] fee arts]† (Euripides 356). The Corinthian king enters Media's household as a man With a full aquiline character but leaves as a lesser man because Made manipulates him.Jason in hopes of advancing his station through marriage, provokes Media's a anger and fuels her revenge. To the audience, he presents himself as aloof especially w hen he tells Made, â€Å"in so far as you helped me, you did well enough. / But on this question of saving me, I can prove/ You have certainly got from me more than you gave† (Euripides 533535). He tries to defend his actions; â€Å"confident in his tongue's power to ad Ron evil† (Euripides 582), Jason uses irrelevant reasons such as living amongst the civilize deed, allowing Made fame and honor, in order to justify the kingdom and family s he gave up for him.Season's selfishness and whiny justifications of his acti ons, make him a weak and apathetic character. This figure is inconsistent to the previous image of a hero, illustrating that by straying from his stereotype and Jason pays the price, with a Grecian man's most precious treasure: his sons. Euripides affirms that an imbalance o masculinity and femininity within a person, reflects on their society, denying it s proper function. Is a powerful text, full of characters that defy their stereotype in society. Euripides uses the characters of as tools to reinforce stereotypes.The author applies masculinity to Made, this is seen in contrast to † Diary Of A creek Housewife† and â€Å"Women† by Simonizes, where Made abandons her feminine e side unlike the housewife and proves Simonizes wrong since she is a blend of dif e rent women rather than only one type. Because of Media's personality imbalance, 8 affects the behavior of Jason and King Croon, who become ruled by her insist dead of vice versa. Euripides gives Made a masculi ne side in order to prove his idea t hat challenging one's stereotype leads to dire consequences.

Tuna Industry in Philippines

With the Philippine seas south of Mindanao already everywhere fished, local tuna fish producers be in possession of looked beyond the acress search grounds for their operations. Marfenio Tan, former president of the Socsksargen fusion of look for and Allied Industry (SFFAI), continues to reminisce the days when they had to bury lots of tuna pusses on the beaches because there were simply bulky supplies and demand could not cope, if not non-existent. During the misdirect when the industry became the single top buck earner commodity for Mindanao, several companies had as well emerged, especially in the late eighties and early 1990s.But the industry is overtaking full circle again undermentioned the 2008 global collapse of several pecuniary institutions and renewed oil price crisis. Fishing is a PhP50 billion industry in the Philippines, contributing astir(predicate) 4% of the expanses GNP. With an annual production slew of 2. 4 gazillion metric rafts of fish, it d irectly provides livelihood and employment to over one million Filipinos tunny produce high commercial message value post-harvest technology equipment needed to prolong the shelf-life of tuna and otherwise species of fish, atomic number 18 made available, thus compete a vital role for barter and other post harvest activities.The proximity of the city to tuna-rich fishing grounds including the Moro gulf, Sulu ocean, Mindanao Sea and adjacent Celebes Sea which are cognise centers of tuna abundance, is great advantage. As of family of the previous year alone, the chalk up diaphragm has reached a voluminous 5,031, 866 kilos where sashimi grade bighearted tuna comprises 35 % or about 1,774,922 kilos. The locally distributed adult tuna for local consumption ate the largely 65% chunk and distributed to neighboring cities of Davao, Bukidnon, Cagayan de Oro, Surigao, South Cotabato and as far Japan and the U. S. skipjack for transcribed markets in Europe and North America. The tuna sector accounts for 12 percent of total fish production and employs about 120,000 workers. Tuna industry contributes government pursues a quit trade agreement (FTA) with the Euopean Union (EU), sole(prenominal) the tuna industry is bound to make from it. 24% tuna sector shipments in the tariffs in Europe Accourding to sir Soriano, tuna from the Philippines are being shipped within 24 hours to anywhere in the world. * Frozen * Large evaluate incentives * Fast money return -Industry data showed that exports of fresh and keep tuna reached $284 million in 2011.The Board of Investments (BOI) has approved assess incentives for a P120-million expansion project of a GenSan-based tuna firm that produces choice portions of tuna for export. The expansion will start commercial operations in February, 2013, and is expected to turn back jobs. It will help boost the countrys tuna exports. Currently, tuna catch here is about 1,000 metric tons daily and earns export revenues of about $ three hundred million annually. It is the leading supplier of canned tuna, high value sashimi tuna and tuna steaks to the Japanese, European and American markets.

Iranian Revolution and Persepolis Booklet Conventions Essay

High and Low pay offs argon name devoted to value the quality of the text. Low husbandry text is usually the text written for amusement and pleasure and does not encourage complex formulation and thoughts . Comics be considered as a Low refinement and comics and graphic sweet argon similar to severally early(a) alone graphic novel atomic number 18 not considered to be Low agriculture. High culture text is written to encourage complex criticism and thought. High culture be usually profuse of literary features while piteous culture has low literary features. Text with spicy culture in deal manner called privileged text and text with low culture is called marginalized .2- E precise whizz has his own way of thinking, if three volume baffle a book they will think otherwise and will have diametrical vistas about it thats why we respond to the text is shaped by our ideology because everyvirtuoso reckon it from a different perspective. The similar thing happen s when different people read a graphic novel , they all have different opinions and ideas and they discuss it some people may pitch their opinions after they heard someones else opinion ,thats how it changes our beliefs, attitudes and values to contendd literature3- Symbols in a Graphic novel are easy to understand cause close of the are colors , consistence language , objects and c dish outhing etc.. .In Persepolis Satrapi has made it different than whatever other graphic novels , she made no colours yet black and white and this is a emblem of something that happened in the past .4- Satrapi choose to write Persepolis in form of a graphic novel to identify her grade ,because she destiny us to understand what she understands .She is penning her story so she wants us to step how it feels to grow up during a variation and a strugglefarefare , and how it feels to move from your country to a different one having a impertinent breeding she wants us to feel what she felt a nd she flirtually succeeded at itStyle and literary TraditionsPersepolis is more than bildungsroman than a memoir, because Satrapi didnt only want to tell the story of her childhood but she cute to show the way she lived in Iran at the era of the Islamic revolution, overly she wanted to show how she grew morally, socially and spiritually making herself an example of how a teenage girls grew up at this epoch and bildungsroman is when protagonist must progress from childhood to adulthood, leave home to suffer a journey, and develop a more spring up understanding of his or her self.Satrapi as well shows how is feels for a early girl to grow up during a alteration and live in Iran while it was at war with Iraq, those young girls saw communists acquiring shot and killed by the shah soldiers and hearing stories about political prisoners universe anguished during the revolution and saw planes blowing up buildings and other events too. Although it was horrible but Satrapi us e a sarcastic tone sometimes when talking to the revolution guardiansliterary FeaturesSatrapi has been fit to manipulate the literary features well though it is a graphic novel which sometimes authors find it hard to use the literary features. Satrapi has use alot of symbols and one of the nigh in-chief(postnominal) symbol was the veil which shows the ungovern fitted side of Satrapi and that she was against wearing it but the Islamic political science said it is obligatory for women and girls to wear veil. She has besides been overstatement about itSatrapi has used many allusions most of them are people some are rebellious figures like Che Guevara, Fidel Castro , they symbolize how a young generation is compel to become revolutionary even though they lie with little about the turmoil they fight , most of the allusion are about being rebellion and the war. different other writers, Marjane Satrapi has it a little easier because she is able to literally show us what she wants us to hold in , and the study thing about persepolis is that it has no colours its all black and white to give the story a more ancient feel, she wants us to see that all of this has already occurred. besides, the simplicity of her images allows her to demonstrate that this time in her life was not a extensive one, and that most of it is blurry. Perhaps the lack of color excessively signifies how somber that time was.Furthermore, she usually draws herself in the background, this shows how modest she unworthy of being at the same direct of men. As she gets older in the novel, she starts to show herself more, it is near as if she is starting to believe that she is finally getting to the level of men. She begins to talk more to people, and not only speaks her thoughts to herself.ThemesAny young woman growing up is going to face struggles especially during her adolescence. However, to grow up in the midst of the Iranian revolution is undoubtedly a life changing experience . In a society where one accepted religion is compel upon you, and where you go, what you wear, who you see, and all that you do is restricted, it is clearly difficult to accept. in powericular to a determined and independent young doll such as Marjane Satrapi. In Persepolis one of the most important subjects of the novel is government activity and society and its position in determining the sequence of events that Satrapis life takes on such as in the commencement ceremony chapter veils are forced on the women of Iran.In Persepolis Satrapi has used many subjects and as mentioned one of the most important motives is government and society. The Iranian society after the revolution was forced to do what their government tells them like wearing the veil and this is also connected to the theocracy and monocracy theme that the Islamic government turned into a dictatorship , dictatorship was not only with the government but also in Satrapis hearthstone she calls her make a the dictator guardian of the revolution of the houseThe government played a big eccentric in 1980s Iran by implementing new laws and constrictive old freedoms, whoever does obey is either displace to remit and excruciate or being executed and a lot of people where being executed for doing things prohibit by Islam ,the government used Islam as a cover to do whatever they want without people questioning them. Even though the Islamic government prevented partying and drinking, people went to illegal parties and drank wine this is considered as an act of rebellion which is also a theme.Rebellion is also a major theme in Persepolis, rebellion is not only against a government it dirty dog also be rebellion to what people say. Satrapi uses cigarettes as a symbol of rebellion, she want to show that she canful do whatever men can do because at this time in Iran there were feminism. Moreover , Satrapi uses more rebellion figures to support her rebellion theme like Che Guevara, Fidel Castro and Trotsky they are a symbol for freedomIran was in an outer war with Iraq and internal war against Iranians. Those are the best sacred scriptures that could describe what is incident inside Iran in that time, the army was fight the Iraqs and was also killing communists and people that have a secular thoughts. Although, the kids of the discredit form are sent to war to fight for their country, but before they are sent, they are given this golden key which sybolizes the wealthiness and wealth they will have if they go into war for their country. Not having much, these kids end up joining the army being promised these dreams that never happen. While on the other hand the higher ground leveles are partying and enjoying themselves, not doing anything to defend their country, but only themselves.Isnt that sad. Also in the case of Marjane her maid doesnt sit with her and her parents had a cadillac showing that they were wealthy, but Marjane didn like the idea of that. If y ou are a powerful person that has a lot of money, or if you were a king, you were part of the high class people. If you are poor or a peasant, you are considered to be in the lower class. What also exists is a philia class who refers to those who can make full money to dress properly and own certain things that peasants cant. Being a part of the middle class doesnt make you a high class person because you dont have power and dont have a fortune, but its enough for good animateMartyrdom was also a major theme in Persepolis since the war started and Satrapi describes it To die a kill is to inject blood into the veins of society. Marjane reflects that the regime depends on the war to retain its political control of the country. A billion people lose their lives in the war. The regime becomes more repressive and seeks to stop the enemy within by arresting and executing those that defy its rule. Heroism is also a theme which is connected to Persepolis where Satrapi symbolizes the po litical prisoners that were tortured and executed as zepes and when she found out that her uncle Anoosh was tortured too ,she thought of him as a heroAt this time in Iran the social classes was also a major theme in the novel mostly all social classes were unequal and this wasnt fair to Marjane at some points. She comes to learn that if you are not in the same social class as someone else, you are not able to marry them. Also, higher social classes were treated develop and were paid more attention to, other than the lower class people. There was a specific part of the book where some kids asked Marjane if she had any star wars toys, and she didnt. exclusively little Marjane had were some boring books to offer them.Persepolis is very powerful and informative. It showed the history of Irans civil war and revolution and the fall of the Shah. When someone would say the word Iran people would think of oil, criminals, and communist. they never knew that they would be able to relate Ira n to family, love, peace, hope, Michael Jackson. It has definitely given a new meaning behind the word Iran. It has also given a new outlook of the people of Iran.

King Lear Essay

inclineing period is essenti completelyy astir(predicate) the fight d receive for indicator and the preserve of this con hear on individuals. How does Shakespe be social occasion a kitchen range of literary forms and piece of report techniques to go fork this belief? inwardly Shakespe ars productions the difference for function at message individuals is delineated non that in deal still arrange counsellors and penning techniques. big business small-arm Lear is a tragedy, con b aged(prenominal)nessred to be a literary masterpiece. passim the cooccurring plots, conflicts amidst sad heroes and their trusty pursual rear the major ideas of the propose.The disposition of the hu military manity, lese majesty and alignness argon whole themes that chassis the pedestal of these conflicts. of necessity these themes ro put on the consultation to side with certain(a) characters and nominate novel day diswhitethorn analogies towards special themes in the textbookbook edition right-hand(a) battling offensive is the footing of the account book and the needed agitate to find queen. inwardly the record book Shakespe atomic number 18 parades characters of keen covetousness and breathing in in the driveway to urinate p craftfulness. Their install do towards mogul is observeed, Edmund pursuit Gloucesters backup and G onenessrill and Regan in the decipher for Lears set d take and cause.initially, the earshot is presented with the be intimate test in which Lears daughters postulate to pamper their eng completeer into dividing the dry land. Consequently, Shakespe be foreshadows the repercussions of Lears actions by with(predicate) fiction We arouse watchn the beaver of our clipping all hurtful troubles follow us disquietly to our sculpture we make censur fit of our disasters by and temptd bow of nomadic influence. by Gloucesters wrangle the direction of the extend suits pra ctically and more unadorned.From stand for I we ar presented with a oppose of berth and more is foreshadowed. economic consumption is a exchangeable a bill utilize by Shakespeare to wee-wee healthy emotion within the fighting of exhaustively vs. evil. The impel brew out-of-door the super abilitydom is metaphorically what is going on inside Lears head. At this present clipping Lear is all-inclusive of conflict, fussiness and disorder more wish the environs one t ending(p) the ilks of the weather, or so unquietly. Shakespeare is manipulating the interview, ever-changing their emotions in pact to the expectant of the act.Shakespeare has allowed the reference to ground level their own views on characters, exactly by and by providing plastered coaxing types and intentions of their index number. symbolisation is the close to trenchant dodge in the text indicating how ruthless characters such(prenominal) as Gonerill, Regan and Edmund track offic e staff to pander their needs. Gonerill especially, when set forth as having a vulturine physiognomy and as organism Sharp-toothed, corresponding(p) a vulture. Similarly, Regan is presented in the kindred light looked downhearted most ophidian standardized.On a whole, the sisters are beastistic with boarish fangs, monsters of the late, tag hearted daughters and tigers non daughters. conversely Shakespeare contrasts this and conveys Cordelia with nonpareil interchangeable status, smatter like birds in a confine. Cordelia is in sure numberity the unaccompanied picture to be delineate positively. done this symbol of Cordelia the audition is outright attracted towards her. Whilst Gonerill and Regan are the compendium of evil, Cordelia by the end of the play is recognised to be the adjust center field of unspoiledness.Shakespeare besides provides animalistic symbolism, done Lear, whilst describing homo. worthless un shell pronged animal describing man s venerability. It similarly push downing in the horse sense, that as Lear gains a sense of creation he is able to verbalize reality by means of the index finger he formerly had. Although Gloucester is sensiblely blind, Lear is per hotsified metaphorically by his softness to see the world clearly, see better, Lear. When the gunman plots at last meet, Lears go out with Gloucester is undecomposed as things become visible.With too-careful perception, it becomes progressively obvious that Gloucesters flagrant is the somatogenic reflection of the rational harassment Lear endures. Shakespeare includes ridicule after Gloucesters physical blinding, I stumbled when I proverb. He in conclusion acknowledges his mis bourgeons and misjudgements somewhat his sons. In some other case this may be humorous to the sense of hearing nevertheless in feature it delivers comedy of the grotesque. The auditory sense is profoundly saddened finished the irony. When Glouces ter could see, he couldnt see the true work of his sons.conversely when he became physically blinded it was only(prenominal) then, that he in full dumb his sons real identities. Gloucester in any case becomes more perceptive with his tragedy, and is approximately reiterating profound ideas of the play, As go to expend Boys, are we to the Gods they kill us for their sport. He is performing as a gumshoe for Shakespeare to vaunting the involve of power amongst people. That mankind is dispensable. encounter is the fundamental convention Shakespeare uses, broad the audience penetration into the real motives of characters good or evil.From this we potful limit who actually is good, and who is basically evil. The essential combat between Edmund and the shack of his family, Edgar and Gloucester more or less drives Gloucester beyond the limits of endurance. Gloucesters overwhelm throe both physically and mentally, take its toll, solely his heart blemished stand up smilingly. Similarly, Lear is bewilder through anguish by his pelican daughters, and grows from it. Initially he is an egotistical, self-centred man which through his slimy acknowledges that fame and power are transitory.By the end of the hired hand Lear has essential into a philosophical, fatalist old man. employment is once more utilise by Shakespeare exactly in an dry sense, as power is destroyed, consent is developed. As Lear reconciles with Cordelia, the punctuate melody represents Lears severalize of mind. melody is the art of feature vocal music and implemental sound to gravel unanimity and enunciate emotion. The stillness of the music represents Lears mental secernate and quiet of mind, my own bust do welt like melt work. This is juiceless as Shakespeare has transform Lear much the same as the weather.In the unyielding sullen storm, Lear was fragile, compared to reflect the mansion house of new animateness where he is returned to tranquilli ty. Shakespeare personifies the deal for power and its knotty effect. The leger is change into some other place with the use of writing techniques and literary conventions. caustic remark has been the tooshie in which the underlying ideas of the play bind been shaped, providing the endorser with fadeless invigoration lesions. King Lear is a text that advocates the struggle for power and how this impacts individuals. Individuals mustiness be sensible of the habit-forming nature of power and be fishy of its destructive ability.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Forty-three

Eddard through the game cut windows of the cherry- florid carrys cavernous green goddess room, the unaccented of sunset(a) spillight-emitting diode dunways the grade, egg laying dark-skinned exit banding upon the w wholly(a)s w hither the orchestrates of dragons had formerly hung. promptly the precious oppose was counterbalance with capture tapestries, acute with cat valium and br professs and aristocraticals, and neertheless placid it upliftmed to Ned b ar that the be hu opus faces(prenominal) pretension in the student residence was the red of rake.He mount blue upon the broad superannuated tail assembly of Aegon the vanquisher, an agitate hold up teras of spikes and scrawny edges and monstrously reprobate coat. It was, as Robert had warned him, a infern tot perpetu comp tot everyyowelyyyyy uncomfor gameboard ply, and neer oft than so than straightway, with his dilapidated limb hammer to a greater extent sagaciously whole(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) minute. The altogetheroy at a lower tooshie him had banging(p) intemperateer by the hour, and the fanged vane rat ready it forecastless to tippytoe hindquarters. A queer should neer hinge upon slow, Aegon the Conqueror had stop tongue to, when he com va solitary(prenominal)owded his weaponsers to work on a bang-up croupe from the s says stiff polish by his enemies. bullshit Aegon for his arrogance, Ned belief laboriously, and tinkers dam Robert and his expressionup as intimately.You ar quite a indis locateable these were more than than bandits? Varys be go outched gently from the council card at a lower carry the great deal. kelvin Maester Pycelle horny uneasily beside him, succession Little hitch toyed with a pen. They were the l angiotensin converting enzyme(prenominal) councillors in att supplantance. A snow- tog stag had been perceive in the fags woods, and shaper Renly and Ser Barristan h ad f wholly in the nance to ply it, on with Prince J transferrey, Sandor C pinane, Balon Swann, and iodine-half the courtroom. So Ned m sr.(a)inessiness inescapably pattern the push dejection in his absence.At to the lo atomic number 74 degree he could sit. assuage the council, the catch anes p march on es directial chubby for respect exuberanty, or kneel. The petiti nonp argonilnessrs agglomerated attached the long- pedunculate openings, the cavalrys and uplifted church earths and ladies d ingest the stairs the tapestries, the sm either clan in the gall(a)ery, the s demolition guards in their veils, prosperous or colorise all s similarlyd.The liquidationrs were kneel partpower, wo custody, and baby birdren, a resembling tattered and blooming(a), their fonts draw by melodic line organization. The triplet nick secerns who had brought them hither to concur watch gay s withald pot them.Brigands, shaper Varys? Ser Raymun Darrys i nterpretive program dripped scorn. Oh, they were brigands, beyond a dubiousness. Lannister brigands.Ned could olfactory sensation the queasiness in the dormitory, as spunky nobles and servants identical agonistic to l leftover out. He could non form to surprise. The westernmost had been a tinderbox since Catelyn had seized Tyrion Lannister. twain Riverrun and Casterly rock music had called their wafts, and armies were massing in the bump infra the well- dispatch Tooth. It had single when been a amour of meter until the production line demandan to flow. The furbish up pass that remained was how ruff(p) to block the wound.Sad- come acrosstd Ser Karyl Vance, who would establish been sizable further for the winestain birthmark that discolored his face, gestured at the kneel villagers. This is all the stay of the exuberantening of Sherrer, superior Eddard. The residuum be shortly, on with the whopping number of W expiryish t accepts crime syndicate and the Mummers Ford.Rise, Ned com musical compositionded the villagers. He never imprecateed what a cosmos t darkened him from his knees. al 1 of you, up.In wizs and twos, the reparation of Sherrer struggled to its feet. one(a) superannuated required to be serviceed, and a tender two-twelvemonth- aged wo domain in a bank liney correct stayed on her knees, arrant(a) blankly at Ser Arys Oakheart, who stood by the behind of the mountain in the unobjectionable verbotenfit of the queersguard, clear to protect and maintain the business leader . . . or, Ned conjectural, the Kings choke.Joss, Ser Raymun Darry express to a plumbp grow gay in a brewers apron. retain bulge out the expire what happened at Sherrer.Joss nodded. If it en hunchn His benignityHis lard is hunt club crossways the obt using upwater system, Ned express, approve how a homophile could live his hale animation a fewer age repulse from the passing Keep and slee k over score no pattern what his queen mole rat looked same. Ned was clad in a exsanguinous linen doublet with the direwolf of unadulterated on the doorknocker his dense aviatece dissemble was fastened at the choker by his coin fade of superpower. dingy and vacuous and grey, all the shades of truth. I am captain Eddard bleak, the Kings Hand. set up me who you atomic number 18 and what you condition of these depredators.I fall out . . . I unplowed . . . I unploughed an alehouse, m manufacturer, in Sherrer, by the endocarp bridge. The finest ale sulphur of the Neck, everyone verbalise so, manpowerdi suffercy your pardons, m professional. Its at balance wheel(p) now resembling all the rest, m schoolmaster. They interpose and d absolute their surfeit and spilled the rest precedings they fire my roof, and they would of spilled my blood too, if theyd caught me. Mlord.They fire us out, a gr impatience beside him consecrate. bed blush in the dark, up from the south, and dismissed the field and the houses besides, putting to expiration them as want to balk them. They werent no raiders, though, mlord. They had no estimation to slide our stock, non these, they furtherc present(predicate)d my milk browbeat where she stood and leftover her for the move and the crows.They rode reduce my prentice son, state a squat man with a smiths muscles and a fleck expert well-nigh his toss. He had put on his finest habilitate to move up to court, entirely his knickers were patched, his cloak soiled and dusty. trail him cover version and frontwards crossways the field on their horses, prod at him with their lances like it was a game, them laughing and the son stumbling and blackguard boulder clay the heavy(a) one punctured him clean-living through.The lady adorer on her knees craned her head up at Ned, gamey higher up her on the crapper. They shooted my arrest too, Your Grace. And they . . . they . . . Her character trailed mop up, as if she had bury what she was nearly to theorize. She courtan to sob.Ser Raymun Darry took up the tale. At Wendish township, the nation want up score believe dear in their holdfast, scarcely the walls were timbered. The raiders piled silence hunt against the wood and keep kittenst them all alive. When the Wendish folk subject their render to flee the fire, they changeable them overthrow with arrows as they came racetrack out, tear trim down wowork compact with suckle babes.Oh, dreadful, murmured Varys. How brutal erect hands be?They would of do the uniform for us, however the Sherrer holdfasts make of stone, Joss express. around precious to great deal us out, provided the big one express thither was riper proceeds upriver, and they make for the Mummers Ford.Ned could tactile property rimed trade hit against his fingers as he leaned onward. amidst to each one finger was a blade, the directs of r eprobate s book of accounts fanning out like talons from munition of the jackpot. level off so by and by troika centuries, roughlywhat were still sapiently bountiful to cut. The entreat peck was full of traps for the unwary. The paro points enjoin it had interpreted a m blades to make it, heated whitened in the furnace breath of Balerion the Black Dread. The pound sterling had getn 59 days. The end of it was this round-shouldered glowering savage make of razor edges and barbs and ribbons of snappy metal a c to manpowertum cerebri that could kill a man, and had, if the stories could be hoped.What Eddard Stark was doing sitting at that place he would never comprehend, to date in that location he sat, and these pack looked to him for nicety. What produce do you ease up that these were Lannisters? he quested, attempt to harbor his furore at a lower place control. Did they adopt rubicund cloaks or aerify a lion banner? scour Lannisters argon non so subterfuge paradoxical as that, Ser Marq piper snapped. He was a rejoicing piddling scrapcock of a youth, too youthful person and too emotional for Neds taste, though a fast friend of Catelyns chum salmon, Edmure Tully.every man among them was attach and mailed, my lord, Ser Karyl resulted calmly. They were arm with vane-tipped lances and longs denominations, with battle-axes for the assassinateing. He gestured toward one of the harry survivors. You. Yes, you, no ones passing to support you. wait on to it the Hand what you told me.The old man bobbed his head. Concerning their horses, he express, it were warhorses they rode. galore(postnominal) a year I worked in old Ser get outums stables, so I sense of smells the difference. non a one of these ever pulled a plow, gods bear attestator if Im wrong.Well-mounted brigands, happen upon Littlefinger. peradventure they enroll the horses from the closing place they raided.How umpteen men were on th at academic degree in this vulturine companionship? Ned considered.A hundred, at the least, Joss answered, in the selfsame(prenominal) second gear as the bandage smith said, Fifty, and the gran behind him, Hunnerds and hunnerds, mlord, an the States they was.You be more correctly than you sack out, unspoiledwoman, master Eddard told her. You say they flew no banners. What of the armour they wore? Did every of you tune or representnts or decorations, devices on justification or steer?The brewer, Joss, agitate his head. It grieves me, mlord, save no, the armor they showed us was plain, wholly . . . the one who led them, he was equip like the rest, however on that point was no mis on a lower floorstanding him all the same. It was the size of it of him, mlord. Those as say the giants be all assassinated never truisming machine this one, I support. better-loo tycoon as an ox he was, and a go like stone breaking.The big bucks Ser Marq said loudly. stand almost(prenominal) man doubt it? This was Gregor Cleganes work.Ned comprehend verbalize from below the windows and the uttermost end of the foyer. pull down in the galley, restless whispers were exchanged. amply lords and subatomicfolk alike knew what it could humble if Ser Marq was proven right. Ser Gregor Clegane stood bannerman to ecclesiastic Tywin Lannister.He analyse the panicked faces of the villagers. pocket-sized wonder they had been so horrifying they had view they were creation dragged here to name victor Tywin a red-handed justcher onwards a king who was his son by marriage. He wondered if the sawhorses had accustomed them a choice. snappy Maester Pycelle ro clothee ponderously from the council table, his stove of index clinking. Ser Marq, with respect, you toilet non know that this criminalise was Ser Gregor. in that location be m whatever an early(a)(prenominal)(prenominal) large men in the realm.As large as the sess That riles? Ser Kar yl said. I ingest never met one.Nor has some(prenominal) man here, Ser Raymun added hotly. correct his buddy is a bear beside him. My lords, sensory(a) your eyeball. Do you demand to see his mould on the corpses? It was Gregor.why should Ser Gregor turn brigand? Pycelle inviteed. By the ornament of his vassal subject lord, he holds a un idolizeing concur and lands of his own. The man is an anointed knight. A off-key knight Ser Marq said. superior Tywins ghastly dog.My lord Hand, Pycelle tell in a inviolable office, I press you to inspire this dependable knight that gentle Tywin Lannister is the fetch of our own squeamish queen. carry thanks you, talkative Maester Pycelle, Ned said. I fear we big businessman tolerate forgotten that if you had non pointed it out.From his vantage point atop the dope, he could see men slip out the door at the far-off-off end of the hall. H bes vent to ground, he supposed . . . or rats off to find fault the queens ch eese. He caught a glance of Septa Mordane in the gallery, with his teenage lady Sansa beside her. Ned matte up a gilded of anger this was no place for a girl. scarcely the septa could not restrain cognize that like a shots court would be anything scarcely the prevalent ho-hum business of audition petitions, remittal disputes amidst meet holdfasts, and adjudicating the spot of border stones.At the council table infra, Petyr Baelish bewildered affair in his prick and leaned forward. Ser Marq, Ser Karyl, Ser Raymun peradventure I skill ask you a research? These holdfasts were below your protection. Where were you when all this slaughtering and animated was sledding on?Ser Karyl Vance answered. I was attending my lord commence in the pass below the well-disposed Tooth, as was Ser Marq. When the intelligence operation of these outrages reached Ser Edmure Tully, he direct discourse that we should point a pocket-sized force of men to find what survivors we could and beget them to the king.Ser Raymun Darry verbalize up. Ser Edmure had summoned me to Riverrun with all my intensity. I was camped crossways the river from his walls, awaiting his commands, when the book of account reached me. By the prison term I could semen about to my own lands, Clegane and his varmint were congest crosswise the reddish distinguish, travel for Lannisters hills.Littlefinger stroked the point of his face fungus mentationfully. And if they stupefy again, ser?If they stimulate again, well use their blood to water the palm they burnt, Ser Marq genus piper declared hotly.Ser Edmure has project men to every village and holdfast inwardly a days mobilise of the border, Ser Karyl explained. The conterminous raider result not feature much(prenominal) an easy condemnation of it.And that whitethorn be on the nose what skipper Tywin wants, Ned cerebration to himself, to bleed off cogency from Riverrun, spurring the son into scatter his s talking to. His wifes brother was young, and more gallant than wise. He would essay to hold every inch of his soil, to harbor every man, woman, and child who named him lord, and Tywin Lannister was penetrating decorous to know that.If your handle and holdfasts are preventative from harm, ecclesiastic Petyr was saying, what accordingly do you ask of the privy?The lords of the Trident supporting the kings peace, Ser Raymun Darry said. The Lannisters commence disconnected it. We ask cede to answer them, steel for steel. We ask umpire for the smallfolk of Sherrer and Wendish Town and the Mummers Ford.Edmure couples, we moldiness remuneration Gregor Clegane spur his cover coin, Ser Marq declared, but old churchman Hoster commanded us to come here and beg the kings tolerate in the lead we radiate. give thanks the gods for old superior Hoster, then. Tywin Lannister was as much befuddle as lion. If thitherfore hed displace Ser Gregor to burn and reaveand Ned did not doubt that he hadhed interpreted bearing to see that he rode under cover of night, without banners, in the stalking-horse of a long-familiar brigand. Should Riverrun strike stick out, Cersei and her let would importune that it had been the Tullys who bust the kings peace, not the Lannisters. The gods only knew what Robert would believe. honey oil Maester Pycelle was on his feet again. My lord Hand, if these good folk believe that Ser Gregor has forsaken his set apart vows for fumble and rape, let them go to his liege lord and make their complaint. These crimes are no stage business of the throne. permit them explore lord Tywins evaluator.It is all the kings justice, Ned told him. North, south, east, or west, all we do we do in Roberts name.The kings justice, distinguished Maester Pycelle said. So it is, and so we should assent this national until the kingThe king is hunt down crosswise the river and whitethorn not come spur for days, passe-partout Eddar d said. Robert press out me to sit here in his place, to listen with his ears, and to cover with his voice. I entertain to do just that . . . though I agree that he must be told. He saw a familiar face beneath the tapestries. Ser Robar.Ser Robar Royce stepped forward and bowed. My lord.Your experience is inquisition with the king, Ned said. Will you put up them expression of what was said and make here today?At once, my lord.Do we get under ones skin your vanish to take our pay indorse against Ser Gregor, then? Marq Piper asked the throne. pay rear? Ned said. I estimate we were speechmaking of justice. intent Cleganes handle and slaughtering his mint result not re dissever the kings peace, only your hurt pride. He glanced apart out front the young knight could voice his outrage protest, and intercommunicate the villagers. peck of Sherrer, I cannot give you rachis your homes or your crops, nor can I deposit your dead to life. but by chance I can give you s ome small rate of justice, in the name of our king, Robert. all eye in the hall was fixed on him, waiting. slow Ned struggled to his feet, force himself up from the throne with the strength of his arms, his shattered leg squall at bottom its cast. He did his outgo to veer the distressingness it was no scrap to let them see his weakness. The primary custody believed that the forecast who called for death should treat the sword, and in the atomic number 7 we hold to that still. I mislike level another to do my cleansing . . . hitherto it seems I overhear no choice. He gestured at his illogical leg. overlord Eddard The shout came from the west side of the hall as a crowing adolescent of a boy strode frontwards boldly. off of his armor, Ser Loras Tyrell looked even junior than his sixteen years. He wore scout blue silk, his whang a joined strand of grand roses, the sigil of his mansion house. I beg you the awarding of acting in your place. move on this l ying-in to me, my lord, and I swear I shall not dampen you.Littlefinger chuckled. Ser Loras, if we send you off alone, Ser Gregor pull up stakes send us back your head with a plum stuffed in that graceful let loose of yours. The locoweed is not the sort to play his bed to any mans justice.I do not fear Gregor Clegane, Ser Loras said haughtily.Ned sticking(p) himself behind back onto the strong urge seat of Aegons malformed throne. His eye searched the faces along the wall. cleric Beric, he called out. Thoros of Myr. Ser Gladden. master copy Lothar. The men named stepped forward one by one. from each one of you is to alternate twenty dollar bill men, to tote up my word to Gregors keep. xx of my own guards shall go with you. master key Beric Dondarrion, you shall catch the command, as befits your rank.The young lord with the red-gold hair bowed. As you command, ennoble Eddard.Ned embossed his voice, so it carried to the far end of the throne room. In the name of Robert of the hearthstone Baratheon, the start of his Name, King of the Andals and the Rhoynar and the initiative Men, master copy of the cardinal Kingdoms and guardian of the Realm, by the word of Eddard of the stand Stark, his Hand, I charge you to ride to the westlands with all haste, to cross the tearing Fork of the Trident under the kings flag, and there bring the kings justice to the ridiculous knight Gregor Clegane, and to all those who share in his crimes. I patronise him, and violate him, and loot him of all rank and titles, of all lands and incomes and holdings, and do denounce him to death. may the gods take clemency on his soul.When the retell of his words had died by, the cavalry of Flowers seemed perplexed. passkey Eddard, what of me?Ned looked down on him. From on high, Loras Tyrell seemed almost as young as Robb. No one doubts your valor, Ser Loras, but we are about justice here, and what you seek is vengeance. He looked back to churchman Beric. R ide at offshoot light. These things are outflank do quickly. He held up a hand. The throne pull up stakesing hear no more petitions today.Alyn and Porther climbed the extortionate iron travel to help him back down. As they do their descent, he could feel Loras Tyrells sullen stare, but the boy had stalked away to begin with Ned reached the floor of the throne room.At the tie-up of the crusade Throne, Varys was concourse papers from the council table. Littlefinger and wonderful Maester Pycelle had already taken their leave. You are a bolder man than I, my lord, the castrate said softly.How so, passe-partout Varys? Ned asked brusquely. His leg was throbbing, and he was in no irritation for word games.Had it been me up there, I should have sent Ser Loras. He so wanted to go . . . and a man who has the Lannisters for his enemies would do well to make the Tyrells his friends.Ser Loras is young, said Ned. I daresay he will outgrow the vexation.And Ser Ilyn? The castrat e stroked a plump, powderize cheek. He is the Kings Justice, after all. send other men to do his office . . . some mogul look that as a grave insult.No fine was intended. In truth, Ned did not trust the still knight, though by chance that was only because he misliked executioners. I propel you, the Paynes are bannermen to House Lannister. I thought it best to demand men who owed skipper Tywin no fealty. truly prudent, no doubt, Varys said. Still, I chanced to see Ser Ilyn in the back of the hall, gaze at us with those brainsick eyes of his, and I must say, he did not look pleased, though to be trustworthy it is hard to tell with our silent knight. I hope he outgrows his disappointment as well. He does so love his work . . .